Author: NZ Business Connect

Volcanic soils, rich in unique minerals such as allophane, play a pivotal role in New Zealand’s agricultural success and environmental sustainability. Dr. Gordon Rajendram, a leading soil scientist, explains that allophane, an amorphous mineral found predominantly in the volcanic ash soils of regions like Waikato and Taranaki, significantly enhances carbon sequestration capabilities, which is crucial in the fight against climate change.

Carbon sequestration in soils is a natural way of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in a solid form. In New Zealand, volcanic soils have demonstrated a remarkable ability to store carbon, with carbon levels reaching 10-12% in some areas. This high organic content not only bolsters soil fertility but also contributes to a healthier microbial environment, which is essential for sustainable agricultural practices.

“Allophane’s structure allows these soils to lock in carbon effectively, making them less prone to the typical losses seen in other soil types,” Dr. Rajendram notes. “This characteristic is vitally important for maintaining soil health and long-term agricultural productivity.”

Moreover, the presence of allophane influences the physical properties of soil, such as texture and water retention, which are beneficial for plant growth. Its ability to bind with organic matter reduces the rate at which carbon decomposes, thereby keeping it stored in the soil for longer periods. This process not only improves the soil’s structure but also its resistance to erosion and degradation.

Dr. Rajendram underscores that understanding the interaction between allophane and organic carbon offers significant insights into sustainable land management practices. By promoting the health of volcanic soils, New Zealand can continue to lead in sustainable agriculture, leveraging its unique geological assets to benefit both the environment and farming communities. The ongoing research and management strategies aimed at enhancing carbon sequestration in these soils not only address global environmental concerns but also support the agricultural sector crucial to New Zealand’s economy.

Contact Dr Gordon Rajendram

021 466077

rajendram@xtra.co.nz

www.gordonrajendramsoilscientist.co.nz

Contact Phillip Quay

phillip@mediapa.co.nz

027 458 7724

www.mediapa.co.nz

Soil compaction is an often-overlooked factor that can significantly impact root development in plants, leading to reduced forage growth on the surface. This physical phenomenon occurs when soil particles are pressed together, reducing pore space and hindering the movement of air, water, and nutrients through the soil. As Dr Gordon Rajendram, a renowned soil scientist, explains, “Compacted soil creates a hostile environment for roots, limiting their growth and ultimately affecting plant health and productivity.” Consequently, compacted soil presents a challenging environment for root growth, which in turn affects the overall health and productivity of forage crops. Agraforum New Zealand delves into the impact of soil compaction on plant roots and surface forage growth.

The root system of a plant is essential for its ability to access water and nutrients, anchor itself in the soil, and interact with beneficial soil organisms. In compacted soils, the restricted pore space limits root penetration, often causing roots to grow horizontally rather than vertically. This shallow root system reduces the plant’s ability to access deeper soil layers where moisture and nutrients are often more plentiful, particularly during dry periods. Consequently, plants growing in compacted soils are more susceptible to drought stress and nutrient deficiencies.

Moreover, the restricted root growth in compacted soils affects the plant’s ability to establish a robust and extensive root system. This limitation can lead to reduced plant vigour and lower biomass production. For forage crops, this translates to less available forage for livestock, which can have significant economic implications for farmers. Compacted soil not only limits root depth and growth but also affects the soil’s ability to support healthy microbial activity, further reducing the soil’s fertility and the quality of the forage produced.

Soil testing is crucial for identifying compaction issues and determining the appropriate corrective measures. Products such as Envirocal and ComCat are beneficial in mitigating soil compaction. Envirocal, a calcium-based soil conditioner, helps to improve soil structure, while ComCat, a biostimulant, enhances root growth and overall plant health. These products, when used in conjunction with good soil management practices, can significantly reduce the impact of soil compaction.

In conclusion, soil compaction poses a serious threat to root development and forage growth. By understanding the implications of compacted soils and adopting appropriate management practices, farmers can improve root health, enhance forage production, and ensure the sustainability of their farming systems. As highlighted by Agraforum New Zealand, addressing soil compaction is crucial for maintaining productive and sustainable agricultural practices.

Contact Agraforum New Zealand

Mobile: 0274 485 159
Email: allan@agraforum.co.nz

www.agraforum.co.nz

Contact Phillip Quay
phillip@mediapa.co.nz
P: 0274 587 724
www.mediapa.co.nz

As winter approaches, farmers and lifestyle block owners should turn their attention to soil preparation. The health of your soil during the colder months is crucial for a thriving crop or pasture come spring. By taking a few essential steps now, you can ensure your soil remains fertile and ready for the growing season. Profile Fertilisers offers a range of products that can help maintain and enhance soil health throughout winter.

Firstly, it’s important to clean up your fields and paddocks. Remove any dead plants, weeds, and debris that can harbour pests and diseases over winter. Once your land is clear, consider adding a layer of organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure. This not only improves soil structure but also provides essential nutrients that will slowly release over winter.

Winter is also an excellent time to test your soil. Knowing its pH and nutrient levels allows you to make informed decisions about fertilisation. Dr Gordon Rajendram, a renowned soil scientist, emphasises, “Regular soil testing is essential for understanding your soil’s unique needs. It allows you to apply the right nutrients in the right amounts, ensuring optimal soil health and crop productivity.”

One key aspect of winter soil preparation is protecting the soil from erosion and nutrient loss. Cover crops, such as clover or rye, can be sown in late autumn. These crops help prevent soil erosion, suppress weeds, and, when turned into the soil in spring, add valuable organic matter. Profile Fertilisers’ range of soil conditioners can also be beneficial, improving soil texture and moisture retention.

Additionally, applying a slow-release fertiliser in late autumn can provide a steady supply of nutrients throughout winter. Profile Fertilisers’ products are designed to work with the natural processes of the soil, ensuring that nutrients are available when plants need them most.

By taking these steps, you can ensure your soil remains healthy and productive throughout winter. With the help of Profile Fertilisers, you can look forward to a bountiful and vibrant crop or pasture come spring. Preparing your soil now sets the stage for a successful and prosperous growing season ahead.

Contact Profile Fertilisers

Don Henderson: 021 643 698

Factory: 027 222 7698
donh@profilefert.co.nz

www.profilefert.co.nz

Contact Phillip Quay

phillip@mediapa.co.nz

027 458 7724

www.mediapa.co.nz

The rich tapestry of New Zealand’s soil types offers a unique canvas for various farming styles and types of produce, each adapted to the specific characteristics of local soils. From the volcanic terrains of the North Island to the sedimentary expanses of the South, Dr Gordon Rajendram understands that leveraging these soil properties is key to optimising agricultural productivity and sustainability.

In the North Island, the volcanic soils, particularly those in Waikato and Taranaki, are highly prized for their fertility. These soils are rich in allophane, a mineral that enhances nutrient and water retention, making them ideal for dairy farming. Dr Gordon Rajendram, states, “The exceptional structure of volcanic soils supports robust root systems, which is crucial for pasture-based dairy farming—a predominant agricultural activity in these regions.”

Sedimentary soils, which are widespread in the Canterbury plains of the South Island, present different challenges and opportunities. These soils, with typically lower organic matter, are more prone to nutrient depletion and require careful management to support intensive farming practices. “In Canterbury, the sedimentary soils are primarily utilised for dairy farming as well, but the approach here focuses heavily on soil conservation techniques to prevent erosion and maintain soil health,” explains Dr Rajendram.

Additionally, New Zealand’s varied climate and soil types allow for diverse horticultural pursuits. Peaty soils in wetter areas, like parts of Waikato, are especially suited for cultivating specialty crops such as berries and market vegetables, which thrive in the moisture-retentive, nutrient-rich conditions. In contrast, the drier regions, with their clay-rich soils, are excellent for vineyards and orchards, where controlled water retention is beneficial.

Understanding these soil-specific requirements has led to tailored farming practices across New Zealand. From rotational grazing that minimizes soil compaction in dairy regions to precision agriculture techniques that enhance crop yields in horticultural areas, farmers are adapting their methods to ensure that they are working in harmony with their environment. “By matching farming practices with soil types, New Zealand’s farmers can maximise both yield and sustainability, securing the agricultural industry’s future and preserving the natural health of our landscapes,” concludes Dr Rajendram.

Dr Rajendram feels that this focused approach to agriculture ensures that New Zealand not only maintains its reputation for high-quality produce but also protects its natural resources for future generations.

 Contact Dr Gordon Rajendram

021 466077

rajendram@xtra.co.nz

www.gordonrajendramsoilscientist.co.nz

Contact Phillip Quay

phillip@mediapa.co.nz

027 458 7724

www.mediapa.co.nz